(BMJ)—A boy in his mid-teens presented with a 1-week hx of nonpruritic rash on his legs, along with abdominal and bilateral knee pain. No recent URI or other sx. Exam: afebrile. Palpable purple papules on bilateral lower extremities. Labs: CBC/chem/coags/CRP WNL; UA (+) blood, (+) protein; (+) fecal occult blood. What’s the dx?
Immunoglobulin A vasculitis
Idiopathic thrombocytopenia
Meningococcal infection
Polyarteritis nodosa
Systemic lupus erythematosus
You are correct. Bx of skin and kidneys confirmed the dx of immunoglobulin A vasculitis, previously known as Henoch-Schönlein purpura. IgA vasculitis is a systemic small vasculitis that features palpable purpura, renal damage, joint pain (80%), and abdominal pain (70%). URIs often precede sx onset by 1 to 2 weeks. IgA vasculitis is characterized by IgA deposition in postcapillary venules, accompanied by leukocytoclasis. Absence of fever and systemic toxicity made meningococcal infection unlikely, and platelets are low in thrombocytopenia.

The patient was treated with prednisone 40 mg daily. After a week, the cutaneous purpura, abdominal pain, and arthralgias improved substantially, and a stool test showed no red blood cells. UA was negative after 4 weeks.

BMJ 2021;372:n329
By vgreene, 29 March, 2021
By vgreene, 29 March, 2021
By vgreene, 29 March, 2021
By vgreene, 29 March, 2021
By vgreene, 29 March, 2021
By vgreene, 29 March, 2021