Highlights & Basics
- Patients with fibromyalgia typically present with chronic, waxing and waning, widespread body pain. Comorbid symptoms such as fatigue, memory difficulties, and sleep and mood difficulties are common.
- Physical exam is typically normal but there is often diffuse tenderness, which may be assessed by counting the number of tender points or by palpating several areas of the body.
- The etiology of fibromyalgia is not known; however, evidence suggests that presentation is through the process of central sensitization, and the "centralization" of pain is a key factor for diagnosis.
- Treatments that are effective for acute pain or pain due to nociceptive input will be less beneficial for patients experiencing chronic pain secondary to pain centralization.
- Effective therapies include education, exercise, cognitive behavioral approaches, tricyclic antidepressants, gabapentinoids, and serotonin-norepinephrine reuptake inhibitors. Combinations of these treatments have been found to have an increased benefit for patients.
Quick Reference
History & Exam
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Definition
Epidemiology
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Pathophysiology
Citations
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