Highlights & Basics
- Aspergillosis is caused by filamentous fungi of the Aspergillus species, which are found ubiquitously in soil. Aerosolized conidia (spores) are inhaled, which may result in infection.
- Invasive aspergillosis (IA) mostly affects immunocompromised patients (e.g., stem cell transplant recipients, prolonged severe neutropenia, immunosuppressive therapy). It is rare in immunocompetent individuals.
- Chronic pulmonary aspergillosis (CPA) generally affects people who are not immunocompromised, but have an underlying lung condition. Aspergilloma (fungal ball) may form in cavities.
- Clinical findings of IA are nonspecific and include fever, cough, and pleuritic pain. High index of suspicion is required for early diagnosis. Lungs, sinuses, brain, and skin are sites of involvement.
- High-resolution computer tomography (CT) scan and serum Aspergillus galactomannan antigen test are useful tests for early diagnosis of IA.
Quick Reference
History & Exam
Key Factors
Other Factors
Diagnostics Tests
Treatment Options
Definition
Epidemiology
Etiology
Pathophysiology
Images
Aspergilloma in a pre-existing tuberculous lung cavity
Morphology of conidiophores and conidia of Aspergillus fumigatus
"Halo" sign in early pulmonary aspergillosis
"Air-crescent" sign in late pulmonary aspergillosis
Gomori methenamine silver (GMS) of lung tissue showing dichotomously branching, septate hyphae of Aspergillus
Diagnostic algorithm for suspected invasive aspergillosis
Treatment approach for invasive aspergillosis
Citations
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