Endocrine Practice

AACE 2024: Study compares gastroparesis risk between GLP-1 RA and DPP-4 inhibitor

May 15, 2024

In this retrospective cohort study, semaglutide wasn't associated with a significant increase in gastroparesis within six months of initiation compared with sitagliptin in patients with T2DM, and overall incidence was low. Prospective studies are required to elucidate if there's an increased risk of gastroparesis with GLP-1 RA relative to other antihyperglycemic therapies, given that this patient population is already at a higher baseline risk.

• Researchers used data from the TriNetX electronic health records global network. Two cohorts were established: patients with T2DM who had no prior diagnosis of gastroparesis or usage of GLP-1 RAs or DPP-4 inhibitors in the five years preceding initial semaglutide (n=53,989) or sitagliptin (n=53,989) therapy.
• Within the 6 months following initiation of treatment, the incidence of gastroparesis was slightly higher in the semaglutide group (154 events) compared with the sitagliptin group (137 events), but the difference wasn't statistically significant (p = 0.3183).
• The relative risk associated with semaglutide was 1.124 (95% confidence interval, 0.893-1.415), indicating no significant increase in risk compared with sitagliptin. Similarly, no significant differences were observed within 1 year of starting semaglutide compared with sitaglitptin.

Source:

Jenkins, W., et al. (2024, May). Endocrine Practice. Gastroparesis incidence post-initiation of semaglutide versus sitagliptin in type 2 diabetes: a retrospective TriNetX database analysis. https://www.endocrinepractice.org/article/S1530-891X(24)00272-6/fulltext