Gabapentinoid use linked to increased hip fracture risk

Among Australian adults hospitalized for first hip fracture, use of gabapentinoids was associated with a higher risk of hip fractures, especially among more frail patients and those with chronic kidney disease (CKD).

This case-case-time-control study included patients hospitalized for hip fracture in Victoria, Australia, between March 2013 and June 2018, with at least 1 prescription for a gabapentinoid before fracture. Investigators estimated the odds ratio (OR) and 95% CI for gabapentinoid dispensing in the index (1-60 days prefracture) vs. the reference (121-180 days prefracture) period. Each index case was matched with up to 5 controls, selected from future cases of the same age and sex. Subgroup analyses were conducted in subgroups with or without CKD, frailty scores <5, and frailty scores ≥5. Frailty was computed using the Hospital Frailty Risk Score (HFRS).

Of 28,293 patients hospitalized for hip fractures, 2,946 (59.5% aged ≥80 years; 71.2% female) were dispensed a gabapentinoid prior to the fracture. Gabapentinoid dispensing was associated with increased odds of hip fractures (OR, 1.96; 95% CI, 1.66-2.32). After adjusting for the exposure-time trend and concomitant use of other CNS medications, the odds of hip fractures remained elevated (OR, 1.30; 95% CI, 1.07-1.57). The association between gabapentinoid dispensing and hip fracture was higher in patients with HFRS ≥5 (OR, 1.75; 95% CI, 1.31-2.33) and CKD (OR, 2.41; 95% CI, 1.65-3.52).

Source:

Leung MTY, et al. (2024, November 13).JAMA Netw Open. Gabapentinoids and Risk of Hip Fracture. https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/39535796/