JAMA Netw Open

Race-neutral equations enhance lung pathology detection in Black patients

April 30, 2025

Study details: This cohort study conducted at Massachusetts General Hospital analyzed spirometry data from 24,662 patients aged 18 to 95 years, collected between 1997 and 2020. The study compared lung function trajectories using race-specific Global Lung Function Initiative (GLI) 2012 equations and race-neutral GLI Global equations.

Results: Among Black patients, 19.2% had their lung function recategorized from normal to abnormal using the GLI Global equation, with similar FEV₁ decline observed in those classified as abnormal by both equations. In White patients, 15.0% were recategorized from abnormal to normal, with consistent FEV₁ decline regardless of the equation used. The study found inconsistent patterns in forced vital capacity (FVC) trajectory among both Black and White participants.

Clinical impact: Race-neutral equations may improve the identification of lung pathology in Black patients, potentially leading to more accurate clinical assessments. This approach aligns with recent recommendations to move away from race-specific adjustments in spirometry interpretation, addressing historical biases and promoting equitable healthcare practices.

Source:

Vyas DA, et al. (2025, April 1). JAMA Netw Open. Lung Function Trajectory Using Race-Specific vs Race-Neutral Global Lung Function Initiative Coefficients. https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/40279124/