Ann Intern Med

Weight loss in adults without diabetes: How do GLP1 drugs compare?

January 9, 2025

Study details: This systematic review analyzed 26 randomized controlled trials (N = 15,491) to evaluate the efficacy and safety of glucagon-like peptide-1 receptor agonists (GLP-1 RAs) for weight loss in adults without diabetes. Review included data from multiple trials, focusing on weight loss outcomes and adverse events associated with GLP-1 RA use.

Results: GLP-1 RAs significantly reduced body weight in non-diabetic adults compared with placebo. Investigational retatrutide (12 mg once weekly) produced the greatest weight loss of up to 22.1% after 48 weeks. Tirzepatide (15 mg once weekly) resulted in weight loss of up to 17.8% after 72 weeks, semaglutide (2.4 mg once weekly) up to 13.9% after 68 weeks, and liraglutide (3.0 mg once daily) up to 5.8% after 26 weeks. Despite side effects (most commonly GI in nature), GLP-1 RAs were generally well-tolerated.

Clinical impact: These findings support the use of GLP-1 RAs as a viable option for weight management in adults without diabetes. The benefits of significant weight loss should be considered against the potential for GI side effects when prescribing these medications.

Source:

Moiz A, et al. (2025, January 7). Ann Intern Med. Efficacy and Safety of Glucagon-Like Peptide-1 Receptor Agonists for Weight Loss Among Adults Without Diabetes : A Systematic Review of Randomized Controlled Trials. https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/39761578/